Description
We report realizations of various dynamical hybrid light-matter phases, as a discrete dissipative time crystal [1], dynamical bond density wave phase [2-4], and limit cycle phase [5], by strongly coupling an atomic quantum gas to the light field of an optical cavity. The key feature of the cavity is a very small field decay rate ($\kappa / 2\pi$ = 3.6kHz), which is in an order of the recoil frequency ($\omega_{rec}/2\pi$ = 3.6kHz). This leads to a unique situation where cavity field evolves with the same timescale as the atomic density distribution, which is called a recoil resolved regime. For standing wave pumping, transversely with respect to the cavity axis, the system undergoes a phase transition from a normal homogeneous phase to a superradiant self-organization phase, accompanied by spontaneously breaking of Z2 symmetry. Modulating the amplitude of the pump field leads to the realization of a dissipative discrete time crystalline phase, whose signature is a rigid sub-harmonic oscillation between the two symmetry broken states [1]. On the other hand, shaking the pump potential by modulating the phase of the pump field give rise to an incommensurate time crystalline phase [3], whose dynamics can be captured by a non-standard three-level Dicke model [2, 4]. The phase modulation can also be used to create a dark state by transferring the atoms to the $p-$band of the system, which has an anti-symmetric parity of the condensate wave function, and hence, the atoms decouple from the cavity field.
[1] H. Keßler et al., PRL, 127, 043602 (2021).
[2] J. G. Cosme et al., PRA 100, 053615 (2019).
[3] P. Kongkhambut et al., PRL 127, 253601 (2021).
[4] J. Skulte et al., PRA 127, 253601 (2021).
[5] P. Kongkhambut et al., arXiv:2202.06980 (2022).
| Presenter name | Phatthamon Kongkhambut |
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